Eight Stages Of Genocide - Free Essay Example

The term genocide was first introduced by Raphael Lemkin to first describe the Holocaust (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). He stated that by By genocide, we mean the destruction of a nation of an ethnic group (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). There are eight stages of genocide which are predictable but not inevitable (Stanton). During each of these eight stages, preventative measures could be taken to end it (Stanton). This is a non-linear process and logically the later stages of genocide have to be preceded by previous stages, however, all stages will continue to operate throughout the entire process of genocide (Stanton). These eight stages of genocide are classification, symbolization, dehumanization, organization, polarization, preparation, extermination, and denial (Stanton). All of these stages can be applied to the study of the Jewish Holocaust and the first six stages are the early warning signs. The Holocaust took place in between 1933 and 1945 (Paulsson, 2017). It resulted in the murder of six million Jewish people which was called the Final Solution (Paulsson, 2017). It began with the first stage of classification. In classification, you have an us versus them mentality (Stanton). A society will begin to distinguish by nationality, ethnicity, race, or religion (Stanton). Classification is the main way to divided society and it creates a power struggle between groups (Stanton). In Germany, they divided the German and the Jew (Stanton). The racist part of Nazi ideology was rooted in 19th-century theories of human differences based on race and was connected to imperialism and social Darwinism (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 247). In the Nazi ideology, these theories of race became mixed with traditional European antisemitism to produce a doctrine against the Jewish people (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 248). Jews were classified as Untermenschen, meaning subhuman people in German (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 248). They were blamed for Germanys defeat in World War I, for communism, and were viewed as a threat to Germans (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 248). Films were used to spread anti-semitism, to depict Jewish people are subhuman (My Jewish Learning). For Example, The Eternal Jew in 1940 depicted th em as wandering parasites who chase sex and money and destroy others cultures (My Jewish Learning). German newspapers regularly printed anti-semitic caricatures of Jews and after the German invasion of Poland, they depicted Jews as not only subhuman but enemies of the German Reich (My Jewish Learning). Stage two which is symbolization is where people are given names or other symbols to go with the classifications (Stanton). However, the first two stages of classification and symbolization will not result in genocide unless dehumanization the next stage of dehumanization also occurs according to the Eight Stages of Genocide (Stanton). However, the dehumanization was happening in these first two stages as well. Jews as unwilling members of the pariah group during this time had the yellow star imposed on them as a symbol to (Stanton). This yellow star was inscribed with the word jude meaning Jew in German (Rosenburg, 2018). Before it was imposed on all are a symbol, the star was used as vandalism when it was painted on the windows of Jewish owned businesses (Rosenburg, 2018). This was after the Nazis declared a boycott against them, however, it was before top leaders had discussed imposing as a symbol to wear (Rosenburg, 2018). After the Kristallnacht in 1938, it was first suggested as a badge and after the beginning of the Second World War in 1939 that it was to be imposed on all Jews over ten years of age in Germany as well as occupied territories (Rosenburg, 2018). However, it was not until 1941 that this was finally implemented (Rosenburg, 2018). This yellow star badge helped the Nazis to visually label Jewish people (Rosenburg, 2018). Now all Jews could be seen, not just the stereotypical and religious ones who already dressed a certain way (Rosenburg, 2018). This would leave them all vulnerable to future attacks (Rosenburg, 2018). This was very humiliating to Jews and a step back to before the Middle Ages, before they were emancipated (Rosenburg, 2018). Not only did this badge represent humiliation for the Jews, but it also now represented a real fear (Rosenburg, 2018). The third stage is dehumanization which is where one group denies the humanity of another group (Stanton). Members of the dehumanized group are compared to animals, vermin, insects, disease (Stanton). With dehumanization, the perpetrators of a genocide, in this case, the Nazis will overcome the natural human revulsion against murder (Stanton). In this stage, hate speech and incitement against the targeted group increases over the radio, in print, and so on and it did during the Holocaust too (Stanton). Examples are from earlier with the films mentioned, the printed caricatures and the list goes on. The fourth stage is organization. Genocide is always organized and it is usually done so by the state (Stanton). Special army units or militias are often trained and united for this purpose and armed (Stanton). During this time, plans are made to carry out genocidal killings (Stanton). While the Nazis debated how to solve the Jewish question, it began to impose a totalitarian system in order to establish the legal and organizational framework necessary to victimize the Jewish people (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 248). Soon after Hitler took power and after the dehumanization, Hitler went into th e third phase with calling for war against the Jews (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 249). During this time, the complex task of Aktionen, the coordination, and implementation of genocide was entrusted to Heydrichs Schutzstaffel (defense echelons) and its ancillary elements (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 248). These consisted of the Einsatzgruppen (Mobile killing squads) and the Totenkopfverb? ¤nde (Death head units), there was also the Gestapo (the secret police), and the Order Police (Ordnungspolizei) which all would participate in what came to be known as the Final Solution (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 251). During this time, a structure of ghettos and concentration camps was also put in place, with Eichmann pushing the Madagascar Plan in mid-1940, and this was followed by attempts to expatriate limited numbers of Jews (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 251). The fifth stage is polarization. During this time, extremists will drive the groups apart and hate groups or governments will ramp up the broadcasting of propaganda against the targeted group (Stanton). Laws may forbid marriage or social intera ction of those who have been othered, in the case of the Holocaust, the Jews (Stanton). There are many examples. After Hitler became Chancellor in 1933, he began to polarize with prohibiting Jews from owning land (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). In 1934, Jews were banned from the German Labor Front, the same year they were also denied national health insurance (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). In 1935, Jews were banned from military service and this polarization only slowed down in 1936 when the Olympic Games were held in Berlin (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). In 1937, Jews were banned from professional occupations and denied tax reductions and in 1938, they were forced to register their wealth and property and businesses (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). In July of 1938, Jews were forced to apply for identity cards and their passports were stamped with large Js as Jews to prevent them from seeking asylum in other countries (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). Violent attacks will increase against a group during this time and the Kristallnacht or the Night of Broken Glass is an example in this stage of p olarization (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). The next stage of genocide is preparation. During this stage, the victims are identified and separated because of their ethnic or religious identity (Stanton). Death lists can be drawn up during this time, members are again forced to wear identifying symbols like the yellow star badge the Jews had to wear during the Holocaust (Stanton). Their property and businesses can be expropriated and they can often be segregated into ghettos during this phase and after that deported to concentration camps (Stanton). They can also be confined to famine-affected regions during this time and starved to death (Stanton). This is when a genocide emergency must be declared if it were to happen again today (Stanton). In 1939, Goring ordered Heydrich to speed up the emigration of Jews as Hitler threatened Jews in the Reichstag speech and in the same year, a Decree regarding employment of Jews allowed the Nazi regime to take them as forced labor (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). After Germany invaded Poland in September of 1939, Heydrich issued instruct ions to the Einsatzgruppen there to begin ghettoization and it was followed by the forced labor of Polish Jews (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). In 1940, the Auschwitz concentration camp was established in Poland as others were being established (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 250). The next or seventh stage is extermination. This is when the mass killing quickly begins and legally can be called genocide (Stanton). The killers call it extermination rather than killing because to them, their victims are not real humans (Stanton). When a genocide is officially sponsored by a state, the armed forces often work closely with militias in order to carry out these killings (Stanton). At this stage of genocide, only rapid and overwhelming military intervention can put an end to the genocide (Stanton). In this case, the Final Solution or the Nazi plan for the Jews of Europe, now called the Holocaust now took place without any intervention to prevent it. This took place from 1942 to 1945 (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 252). There were previous pogroms and mass killings in Europe in 1941 in Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia, Lithuania, Latvia, and they were precursors to it (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 252). They were successful to test the Third Reich plans for mass murder and the semina l event to enable the Final Solution was the Wannsee Conference in January of 1942 (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 252). This is where they concerned themselves and worked out the details over the administration and the coordination that would be needed in order to carry out the mass killing (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 252). Heyrich in the role of chief executioner controlled the millions of Jews who were to be forced into over a dozen ghettos and fifteen concentration camps (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 253). In December 1941, Chelmno concentration camp began to process Jews with carbon monoxide and after that Zyklon B gas and similar operations began to be carried out in the other concentration camps (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 253). This continued and the fear of defeat during the second world war made the Nazis panic and speed up their exterminations (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 253). After Germany surrendered, it was discovered throughout a span of twelve years, it had exterminated over six million Jews or three-fourths of European Jewry (Dekmejian, 2007, p. 253). The eighth and final stage is denial and it always follows a genocide (Stanton). It is one of the indicators that further genocides could happen (Stanton). Those who perpetrated the genocide will dig up mass graves, burn bodies, and attempt to hide the evidence of their crimes in other ways and even go to intimidate witnesses and survivors into silence (Stanton). Not only will they attempt to deny their crimes, but they will often blame th e victims for what they did to them (Stanton). If they can, they will attempt to block the investigation of their crimes or if they can, they will flee if they cannot hold power (Stanton). In the case of the Holocaust, there was coded language as it was going on and most of the orders were verbal rather than written down to keep it a secret (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). This would make it easier for those to deny it later. On top of that, Himmler attempted to hide the truth of the Holocaust from the advancing allied armies through burning bodies and to attempt to destroy forensic evidence (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). The SS forced the prisoners of camps to dig up mass graves and to burn more bodies to rid themselves of evidence of their mass murders (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). The Nazis also sent Jews from ghettos away in an attempt to make them seem less crowded, planted flowers, remodeled them, and allowed the Red Cross to visit them for only six hours in a hoax to hide the horrors (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). Despite all of this, some perpetrators, victims, and witnesses talked about it and more and more information began to leak out and the Nazis contin uined a misinformation campaign to confuse the international community (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). During the war, the allies made up many stories about the Nazis to gain support for the war efforts, therefore when truth about the Holocaust came out, many were skeptical because of previous lies (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). Today there are deniers who still exist. Some do so out of ignorance, however, many still do so out of hateful, political, anti-semitic reasons (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). Others claim that it is a hoax perpetuated by Jews to advance their interests today which is very concerning and sounds like the anti-semitic propaganda before the Holocaust (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). Others claim it is a hoax created to advance Israels goals and others deny it because they again want to advance their own modern day Nazi movements (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). Holocaust denial is a very serious problem that unites far right radical groups who want to promote new Naziism and Islamist groups who seek to destroy Israel (US Holocaust Memorial Museum). This cannot go ignored or unchallenged because this is how hate can rise and get out of control which is what can lead to a genocide if the world ignores it.

Aristotle on Friendship - 1069 Words

In book eight of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle defines the three types of friendships that exist in the Greek word philia (a broader definition of friendship than one might think), which are based off usefulness, pleasure, or goodness, the three reasons for liking something: friendships of utility, friendships of pleasure and complete friendships. In the beginning, Aristotle says that friendship is a virtue or at least involves virtue. It is necessary to life, since no one would choose to live without friends even if he had all other material goods. Friendships serve as a refuge in times of misfortune, it helps prevent the young from making error, helps the old in their weakness, helps those in the prime of life to perform noble actions and holds cities together. Parents have a natural friendship with their children, and to a certain degree those who are similar. When men are friends, there is no need of justice, but when even if men are just, friendship is still necessary; and the j ustice that is most just seems to belong to friendship. Friendship takes time. Aristotle distinguishes between what he believes to be a genuine friendship and two other forms: one based on mutual usefulness, the other on pleasure. These two forms only last if there is utility and pleasure, whereas a complete friendship does not dissolve. One of the friendships Aristotle describes is the friendship of utility. In this type of friendship, a person will often use someone else to help themselvesShow MoreRelatedAristotle And Aristotle On Friendship1480 Words   |  6 Pageswork The Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle addresses the question: what is the good life? Aristotle acknowledges that the generally accepted notion of the human good is happiness or, alternatively put, eudaimonia. 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(OxfordRead MoreAristotle on Friendship Essay610 Words   |  3 PagesAristotle On Friendship Philosophical Ethics December 6, 1995 Friendship is undoubtedly one of the most important elements in the books of Aristotles ethical principles. Aristotle takes the idea of friendship to a serious degree. He categorizes them into three groups or types of friendships. This report will attempt to define each type of friendship as well as identify the role of friendship in a society. Aristotle considers friendship to be a necessity to live. HeRead MoreEssay Aristotle On Friendship1333 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle wrote on many subjects in his lifetime but one of the virtues that he examines more extensively is friendship. Aristotle believes that there are three different kinds of friendship: utility, pleasure, and virtuous friendships. He also argues that a real friendship should be highly valued because it is a complete virtue and he believes it to be greater than honor and justice. Aristotle suggests that human’s love of utility and pleasure is the only reason why the first two types of friendshipsRead MoreAristotle s Views On Friendship890 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Aristotle s views on friendships he believes that friendship is necessary to live a good life, inspires us to be virtuous, and is a kind of love. Aristotle also believes friendships help people predispose their character and keeps the youth away from errors. Additionally frien dship gives support during weakness and helps people be generous and know when they need help. Aristotle views that there are three kinds of friendships, pleasure, utility, and perfect friendships. Pleasure friendshipsRead MoreAristotle s Portrayal Of Friendship1708 Words   |  7 Pagesvirtuous character. While in Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle s depiction of friendship is a lively one, they show affection and their own virtuous character translates to our own. In contrast, Seneca s On The Shortness Of Life suggests that we should seek friends of virtue with the dead because they possess the ability to always be with us and guide us with their own knowledge of life. While Aristotle and Seneca would rather choose one form of friendship over the other, we can denounce the notion thatRead MoreFriendship Between Aristotle And Nietzsche1461 Words   |  6 Pagesthings that everyone shares. One common thing is friendship. Almost everyone Earth has experienced friendship and love whether it was a positive or negative experience. Aristotle and Nietzsche both have views on love and friendship, but have some very clear differences. This paper will show what consists of friendship to Aristotle, a rebuttal from Nietzsche, and how Aristotle’s beliefs can show and prove otherwise. Both philosophers believe that friendship is necessary in human life but both break downRead MoreAristotle s Theory Of Friendship1415 Words   |  6 Pageswould choose a friendless existence on condition of having all the other things in the world (Aristotle).† Humans are social beings, social beyond any other creature in the world. Human interaction is a must for survival. It is in our nature. Aristotle understood this, he even had his own analysis of friendship. In the Nicomachean Ethics written by Aristotle, books VIII and IX are based off of friendship. Today, the definition of a friend is, â€Å"A person with whom one has a bond of mutual affectionRead MoreAristotle s Types Of Friendship2060 Words   |  9 PagesAccording to Aristotle, one can experience three different types of friendship. The first type is a friend who is used for utilitarian purposes. Aristotle, however, quickly dismisses this type. As an example, Aristotle explains that one could never be friends w ith wine; while wine is satisfying to the person drinking the wine, no person ever wishes wine good fortune (Aristotle, 32). In order for a relationship between two people to be considered a friendship, one must want good things for the personRead MoreAristotle s Views On Friendship1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Aristotle attaches importance to friendship within his ethical reflections. It suffices to recall that the Nicomachean Ethics, the most representative of the ethical works of Aristotle, contains two complete books, books VIII and IX, dedicated to friendship. This means that the theme of friendship is given a much wider space than other fundamental ethical issues. However, this breadth in his explanations is not something casual, but rather responds to Aristotle’s belief that friendship is something

Career Counselling Assignment Pt1 By Ja Essay example

CAREER COUNSELLING (ASSIGNMENT 1) Qn: ASSESSMENTS ARE AN INTEGRAL PART IN CAREER COUNSELLING. AS A RESPONSIBLE AND TRAINED COUNSELLOR, WHAT ARE THE PROFESSIONAL AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES IN CONDUCTING AN ASSESSMENT FOR CAREER COUNSELLING THROUGHTOUT THE PROCESS OF INTERVENTION? Many of us who are not in this profession might interpret career counselling incorrectly. We thought it is about undergoing sessions with a counsellor to help us decide or determine what career and vocation we should take. Some even assume it does not address client’s context, culture, personal issues and life roles. (Admundson, Harris-Bowlsbey Niles, 2014) However, career counselling, also known as career coaching, actually focuses on understanding an†¦show more content†¦A measurable result would be the produced after such assessment. Results are usually evaluated and informed by the counsellor. The purposes of it would be allowing clients to make comparison with the norm, gauge his/her ability and look out for a classified list of compatible careers for him/her. A few examples of assessment tools used by counsellors today are the Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (Campbell, 1992), Myer Briggs’ Type Indicator by Briggs Myers(1943, as cited in OPP,2014); Keirsey Temperament Sorter by Keirsey(1996, as cited in Keirsey.com, 2014); Self Directed Search(Holland,1994); Dominant Inducement Submission and Compliance Profile Test by Clarke(1948, as cited in Interdisc.org,2014). One of the most reliable and valid test which many people are using is the Taylor-Johnson Temperament Analysis by Psychological Publications Inc.(1966, as cited in Taylor,2014). Objective assessments can be done in a group unlike subjective assessments. They are also conducted formally whereby there are several professional and ethical responsibilities that the counsellor should possess. Generally, a professional counsellor should be knowledgeable about the state and federal laws of counselling-related activities and be in compliance with them (NCME, 1995). Counsellors also should be honest with the working experience, qualifications or license when being employed or presenting themselves to the public. ACA(2014) states that it is not professional for

Recreation and Ecotourism Cultural System

Question: Discuss about the Recreation and Ecotourism Cultural System. Answer: Introduction Chile has a homogenous population and the culture of Chile is mainly found to demonstrate the characteristics of the Homogenous population along with geographic isolation of the country from the other parts of the country of South America. From the colonial time period, it is notice that culture of Chile mainly had a mixture of different types of Spanish colonial elements along with a mixture of the different indigenous culture. The Huasos who are important people of Central Chile along with their folk music forms the most important part of the Chilean Folk culture, along with this even the dance of the Huasos contribute a major portion to the Chilean Folk Culture. But, it is notice that even though the folk traditions are most valuable form of Chilean culture, still it is notice that Chile posses a mixture of diversity that belongs to the north and south of the America (Andrews et al 2013). It is so because immigrants from different parts of south as well as North America did settle down in the country of Chile. In this context, it is important to state that some areas of Chile still is found to possess a strong, indigenous as well as heritegous culture. The national dance of the Chilean country is known as Cueca and this first appeared in the year 1824. Another form of Chilean song which is not known as any form of dance is the Tonado. This is something totally different from the Ceuca by a certain type of intermediate melodic section and it highlights a very prominent melodic. The Ceuca was promoted by the Pinochet regime mainly during the 1970s and 1980s just because of some political reasons that mainly focused in promoting the Chilean nationalism, different types of cultural pride as well as the conformist patriotic fervor (Bredillet et al 2010). Further during the period of 1930 to 1970 it was found that a rebirth of interest and popularity in folk music did start off again in the country of Chile along with proper arrangement of different musical instru ments. This further supplied all the recitals of the Chilean country with proper levels of diffusion. It was during the military rules especially during the 1970s all forms of public expressions in comparison to Junta was totally repressed just for the purpose of making protest over songs which were played in a very stealthy manner. Later after the return of democracy it is found that different new types of musical bands started off to make their presence and even through their songs they represented the homogenous and traditional cultures of Chile. The country of Chile made its most famous contribution to literature with the different Nobel prize awards that was gained by different poets whose residential palace have now become the a well known literary museums that every year is found to attract a large number of pilgrims from all over the world. The Chilean academy of painting has a collection of different fine arts which encourage several young artists (Cleveland et al 2009). Chiles most valuable contribution that led to cultural development of the place is still very hard to look for even though the collected editions of the organisations are available in different places. Different contemporary Chilean authors are notice to have gained huge amount of international reputation mainly in the world of literature. Discussions The leadership style followed in business companies that are situated in the country of Chile is mainly the autocratic leadership style. This leadership style mainly puts effort on all the staffs to work together so that proper and positive outcome is achieved (Cordano et al 2011). During any kind of decision making process, it is always notice that every people do come up together and place their own thoughts and ideas which make them feel quite valuable. The authoritarian leadership style is considered as perfect for companies which are operating in the traditional country of Chile. This is because with authoritarian leadership it is found that leaders of the organisation take up the decision which has to be followed by all the staffs of the company so that the production level of the organisation is maintained. Further, with the implementation of this kind of leadership style quick decisions are often taken up by the staffs and often the staffs are easily motivated to continue wor k for the company. With authoritarian leadership the decision making process, any kind of business planning or the organisational needs does not have any kind of initiative (Hofstede 2014). Different kinds of communication pattern like upward communication methods through which the company staffs are notice to communicate with the senior management officials for working on new projects. The downward communication pattern also exist and through this communication pattern the senior management staffs of the company intend to communicate with their working staffs and provide them with different types of innovative ideas to work on projects in order to make its completely successful. The teams are managed gracefully as most organisations follow the authoritarian leadership style. All working teams of different companies and organisations are supplied with proper amount of resources and informations. The staffs of the organisation follow proper chain of command which brings up increased chances for the company to increase their production level (Huffman 2013). The cross cultural business relationship could be easily influenced by understanding the difference which exist in d ifferent cultures and overcome the language barriers that exist among people belonging to two different countries. Negotiations are different forms of conversations which are mainly aimed at reaching out to an ultimate business agreement through valuable conversations. In contrary to this, international negotiations do only take place when people belonging to two different cultures are involved in one type of business. Negotiations do only take place between two different types of business people when one of them desires for establishing a long term business relationship by making just a one-time business deal with the other party. Negotiations may even take place when one of the either people involved in business show off a kind of formal or informal attitude along with emotions (Masuda et al 2012). Another most applicable way in which the negotiation is highly effect is when individuals belonging to two different cultures are found to hide their feelings about how he is feeling to continue business with people belonging to other country. For example- A person belonging to the country of Chile if intends to mutually run a business with a people of USA. Negotiation is highly effected by group decision making and mainly when the group leaders of the organisation are involved in the decision making process. As Chile is a country that has homogenous people some of who have immigrated to the country of Chile is found to possess cultural difference and this effect negotiation in business. This simply makes different business companies lose the business deals which are developed at times and make all the different people learn about the different cultures so that each of them are able to properly interact with each other necessary for carrying out different types of business activities efficiently and even for strengthening the business relationship (Nahuelhual et al 2013). Conclusion The country of Chile simply possesses a complete homogenous culture as it has different types of people involved into the business field. Almost all the companies which are found to operate in the country of Chile do follow the authoritarian leadership strategy wherein the leaders of the organisation is consider as the main individual and with the suggestion given by this particular individual is considered as the ultimate decision upon which other staffs of the company is notice to work. Cultural differences between countries do throw effect on negotiations (Ronen et al 2013). References Andrews, L., Bianchi, C. (2013). Consumer internet purchasing behavior in Chile. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1791-1799. Bredillet, C., Yatim, F., Ruiz, P. (2010). Project management deployment: The role of cultural factors. International Journal of Project Management, 28(2), 183-193. Cleveland, M., Laroche, M., Papadopoulos, N. (2009). Cosmopolitanism, consumer ethnocentrism, and materialism: An eight-country study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of International Marketing, 17(1), 116-146. Cordano, M., Welcomer, S., Scherer, R. F., Pradenas, L., Parada, V. (2011). A cross-cultural assessment of three theories of pro-environmental behavior: A comparison between business students of Chile and the United States. Environment and Behavior, 43(5), 634-657. Hofstede, G. (2014). Cultural dimensions in management and planning. Asia Pacific journal of management, 1(2), 81-99. Huffman, M. (2013). The many elements of traditional fire knowledge: synthesis, classification, and aids to cross-cultural problem solving in fire-dependent systems around the world. Ecology and Society, 18(4). Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., ... Lu, L. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work?to?family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters. Applied psychology, 61(1), 1-29. Nahuelhual, L., Carmona, A., Lozada, P., Jaramillo, A., Aguayo, M. (2013). Mapping recreation and ecotourism as a cultural ecosystem service: an application at the local level in Southern Chile. Applied Geography, 40, 71-82. Ronen, S., Shenkar, O. (2013). Mapping world cultures: Cluster formation, sources and implications. Journal of International Business Studies, 44(9), 867-897. Thomas, D. C., Peterson, M. F. (2014). Cross-cultural management: Essential concepts. Sage Publications.

Essay Writing Topics For College Students

Essay Writing Topics For College StudentsAs a freshman in college, you'll likely find that it's hard to decide what topic to focus on for your essays. Fortunately, there are several essay writing topics for college students that are really worth your time and attention.First, consider that essay writing topics for college students you are interested in. If you're interested in the classics or history, then you can focus on studying those subjects in class.Then, pick up some writing skills as you go along. By reading some books on grammar and using one of your high school textbooks on American history, you'll be able to write more well. It doesn't have to be anything too advanced, but if you can't write at all, try to invest a little in your essay writing skills.It's also common for college students to want to write an essay about something that isn't so important. In these cases, you can use your knowledge about the subject to throw in an interesting tidbit about it.For example, stud ents may be interested in writing about their first job. While there isn't much to write about this, it is still something that will make the student seem interesting and possibly help his or her grade (since most college students are trying to keep grades as high as possible).Another great topic for college students is to explore their interests and passions. This can help them illustrate the fact that they have a talent and knowledge outside of their education and can provide them with some sort of personal insight.While this topic doesn't do much for the grades, the students will feel more motivated to go on to more challenging subjects. Plus, the student will be able to show the class why his or her favorite interest isso important to him or her.Whatever topic you choose for your essay, remember that college students are very busy. Be sure to put the quality of your work ahead of your GPA, since college is really just a stepping stone for you to further your studies.

Who is Worried About Medical Ethics Essay Topics and Why You Need to be Paying Attention

Who is Worried About Medical Ethics Essay Topics and Why You Need to be Paying Attention Medical Ethics Essay Topics - Dead or Alive? In many decades, you are going to be a Doctor of Science. Medicine is a rather extensive topic to compose a research paper about. Let us give you some advice about writing a superb research on Medicine. Debating Human Cloning research papers discuss either side of the problem of human cloning. Students might have to articulate theories and justify them with evidence from a number of sources. Oftentimes, they struggle when they have to conduct a research to write an ethics essay. If a student plans to develop into a distinguished author of the health-related literature, it's important to select several relevant healthcare research difficulties and conduct independent studying to provide new solutions to the present problems. Moreover, in the event the decision brings more happiness and satisfactory result to the best number of individuals, it's far better to be carried out. Obtaining support from your community in respect to your company is something which can't only help to increase your company, but nevertheless, it may also have a dramatic improvement in your quality of life also. You would like to do your research and be sure you're getting involved with an organization which has a very good reputation for supporting their franchisees. Concentrate on discussing m oral issues to be successful. Advance directives, also called living wills, are documents that an individual can complete to make sure that health care choices are respected. The truth is that the independence you will gain from becoming your own boss is going to be life changing and it can likewise be dramatically life improving as well. The patient tells her health care provider which she's suffering so much that she would like to die and in fact is likely going to kill herself. Generally, a decision is both right and wrong at the identical time regarding the specific individual. Principles of health ethics always act as a guide for the healthcare practitioners to satisfy their duty. In all conditions, the medical practitioner should strive for the benefits of her or his patients so as to give them quality services. Secondly research demonstrates that terminally ill patients choose suicide not on account of the physical pain but due to depression. Medical ethics is quite important as it helps medical pr actitioners save their patients in the most vital operations. A larger comprehension of the person who has dementia can be accomplished through using the six senses accurately. Assume you own a patient and you've got to tell him that his life will end in a couple of months. What's rather acceptable for a single person, may be wholly unnatural for the other one. Regardless what choice an individual makes, it's going to be the best one for that individual. New Ideas Into Medical Ethics Essay Topics Never Before Revealed On the flip side, the thesis will allow you to discuss the subject in the broader sense. If you feel as though you are stuck with your ethics essay, you may want to use the help of professional writers. It used 1st individual, so it's a reflective essay. Many essays of this specific type are devoted to the theme of morality in the society. The absolute most important element of a thriving work is choosing an excellent topic to talk about and to defend by arguments. A topic of your composition is among the essential facets of a thriving composition. Because medical treatment differs widely around the Earth, there are a lot of comparison topics within the matter. It usually means that academic direction in writing an essay is among the crucial facets. The previous tip is to adhere to the principal topic. But, plastic surgery is most likely the best game-changer. At the same time, it can be the ultimate game-changer when it comes to improving or saving the appearance after the dramatic trauma in the result of a car crash. For instance, you can talk about the reasons that cause the degree of racism in a specific country. It's much better to draft your primary argument. Another complicated thing about ethics is the fact that it is closely related to each sphere of our life. Take into consideration the issue, whi ch is now important. This discipline is for a huge discourse. The peculiarities of every discipline strongly impact a man or woman and could positively or negatively reflect on the last results. In the defense of health paternalism, an individual can argue that it's expected of the medical practitioner to do what's most effective for their patient. In biomedical ethics, the idea of patient autonomy versus is an enormous consideration. The Most Popular Medical Ethics Essay Topics Use it if don't have any other ideas! When you've read a bit about the feasible topics, it's time to discover how to pick the most acceptable one. 1-2 pages will be sufficient.

Brief Article Teaches You the Ins and Outs of Integrated Essay Toefl Samples and What You Should Do Today

Brief Article Teaches You the Ins and Outs of Integrated Essay Toefl Samples and What You Should Do Today Integrated Essay Toefl Samples and Integrated Essay Toefl Samples - The Perfect Combination Even jotting just a couple lines that connect parts of your notes and circle the key examples you wish to cover will provide you with the guidance you will need to keep on task when writing your response. If you don't understand a point in the lecture, it's possible to still score points. To start with, your focus ought to be on summarizing the principal points of the lecture. The test is straightforward and easy only as long as you are getting ready for it several months before. What Is So Fascinating About Integrated Essay Toefl Samples? Only one negative comment can be regarded as a large red flag. Argument Style The reading creates a claim about a particular topic. So here's a follow-up post. It is crucial to comprehend the way the reading (article) is structured, since it's structured the same manner each week. Select your words carefully so that you're answering the specific question that's asked. It's also important your usage of grammar is powerful and consistent, even though it doesn't need to be perfect to find a top score. As much as possible, do your best not to confuse the forms of words. Unfortunately, there a great deal of confusing words in English which make it hard that you communicate in English. The New Angle On Integrated Essay Toefl Samples Just Released Fortunately, you don't will need to come in the TOEFL essay a prior comprehension of the topic at hand so as to find the most suitable answer. After reading the passage, then you will listen to a lecture on the exact same topic. Your summary ought to have a particular structure. The topic is the overall idea that's found throughout the passages, and will be just a couple of words. Integrated Essay Toefl Samples Secrets One of the main considerations is to be sure that they have sufficient quantity of adequacy to know the preferences and make certain the effective notion they would have the ability to obtain substantial quantity of prominence in the full classroom. In cyberspace, but the suppression of knowledge is all but non-existent. You won't be required to get any former knowledge on a topic. Also, ensuring that the knowledge acquired through practicality and other theoretical perspective must be placed to a considerable usage, as it would guarantee that the individual has enough knowledge on the context which has been provided to them. Breeding Your summary needs to have a day structure. Okay, which means you have identified the subject, claim and details. Paraphrasing implies retelling some points from the original source in your words, you need to demonstrate that you understood the material and not simply copy the info you hear or read. Moreover, the standard kind of recommendation letters is entirely different in Asian education systems, which causes a letter which may feel very foreign to US admissions officers. Knowing the demands of the briefing paper is among the crucial components that has to be considered for an effective and better writing. You can also get in touch with your writer to supply some additional recommendations or request information regarding the order's progress. The Integrated Writing task was created to inspect the capability of students to understand information, which came from various sources. Be free to use different books if my advice doesn't work for you. The One Thing to Do for Integrated Essay Toefl Samples After several months or maybe years, an individual will awaken and discover that one's writing is actually great. Explanation Style The reading provides three individual ideas about the basis for something or the usage of something or the main reason for something. Keep in mind that for the integrated task, you aren't being asked to provide your opinion, yet to relate that which you have read and heard. If it's the first time you're likely to use ou r article writing service, you most likely have plenty of questions. It can likewise be beneficial to review other TOEFL writing samples to receive a better idea about what a wonderful TOEFL essay appears like. When you sit down to compose the TOEFL Integrated essay, there will likely be many. The TOEFL is a test to find out your degree of English. The TOEFL isn't only important to acquire admission and study abroad, but also to find decent job opportunities in international nations. Have a look at the official TOEFL Writing Rubrics to learn how important paraphrasing is. Study the words as frequently as you are able to. Other folks believe that it is always preferable to have a teacher.